Exploration and Characterization of Deep Fractured Rock Aquifers near Albuquerque, New Mexico

Increasing demands on water resources throughout the semi-arid southwestern United States, combined with prevailing water laws, have driven the exploration for and development of groundwater to greater depths over the past decade.  This presentation will provide an overview of a recently completed project to explore for and develop groundwater resources from deep fractured rock aquifers at a site near Albuquerque, New Mexico.   Exploration was conducted using geophysical analysis, geologic mapping, isotopic analysis, zone testing and sampling, and production well aquifer testing.   The site is composed of a synclinorium bounded by two major fault zones with numerous smaller fault zones and geologic structures.       

Two deep wells were constructed and tested at the site.  The first well bore was drilled to a depth of nearly 3,700 ft below ground surface (bgs), but was completed at 2,150 ft bgs.  This well has limited yield.  A second well was completed to a depth of 700 ft bgs.  Aquifer testing of this well with multiple observation wells and a monitored spring indicated very high permeability fracture networks, likely with solution enhancement of carbonate beds.  The detailed site characterization determined the second well produces from the water-bearing zone that would best serve the proposed development.  In order to obtain an appropriation of water under the laws of the state of New Mexico, an analysis was also completed to estimate the effects of the proposed pumping on existing users of groundwater and surface water in the basin.