and Saul Ash, Shaw Environmental Inc.
Subsurface remediation
in the urban environment is often hampered by space restrictions, numerous
underground utilities, as well as significant amounts of “urban fill”
comprising soils, resulting in heterogeneous soil textures. At a warehouse facility in New York City, a shrinking plume of
groundwater contamination did not attenuate to regulatory standards due to a stubborn
“hot spot” of high BTEX concentrations.
Traditional remedial technologies (air sparging/SVE, excavation, pump
and treat) were not selected due to space restrictions, safety concerns, cost,
and site hydrogeology. Monitored natural attenuation can be an effective and
inexpensive remediation strategy at petroleum release sites mainly due to
intrinsic bioremediation. However,
microbial degradation of organic contaminants like aromatic hydrocarbons such
as benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylenes (BTEX), methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE), diesel, fuel
oil, and other hydrocarbons in groundwater is usually limited by the
availability of electron acceptors. The
addition of oxygen release compound is one way to enhance aerobic degradation
by autochthonous microorganisms in the subsurface. This
paper presents field evidence for the biological degradation of dissolved phase
BTEX compounds under enhanced oxidizing conditions using ORC®. A program of oxygen-releasing compound application
was designed and performed at the site, and included the on-going monitoring of
basic indicators of attenuation. Initial
monitoring and sampling results obtained six weeks after ORC® was
applied, indicated BTEX concentrations decreased approximately 98% to
concentrations below regulatory guidance levels. Benzene, in particular, decreased one order
of magnitude, to a concentration below guidelines, for the first time in ten
years of quarterly sampling. With
approximately 90% of the work scope completed, the cost for this program
totaled approximately $70,000.