Tuesday, November 6, 2007 : 1:40 p.m.

A Case Study of Air Sparging for Remediation of LNAPL

Tom Palaia, CH2M HILL

Air sparging (AS) is a well established and cost-effective remediation technology for dissolved-phase contamination. However, it has historically been discouraged for remediation of light non-aqueous phase liquids (LNAPL) due to the potential for mobilization and spreading of contamination by applied pressure gradients. To test the validity of this rule-of-thumb, LNAPL mobility analysis, pilot testing, and intact soil core sampling was performed at a large jet fuel release site for which AS was identified as a more cost-effective option for remediation than fluid recovery.

The JP4 and JP8 releases at this facility occurred from 1960s to the 1990s and it continues to store and distribute up to two million gallons of JP8. The lithology consists of fine- to medium grained sand throughout the target treatment zone which extends to a depth of 72 feet below ground surface. The water table has historically fluctuated up to 15 feet in response to drought conditions and has created an LNAPL smear zone of equal thickness. The LNAPL smear zone submergence and in-well LNAPL thicknesses (up to 3 feet) are highly variable depending upon the local drought conditions.

A AS system was installed to treat LNAPL and dissolved-phase contamination. During the pilot testing phase, intact soil core samples were collected to assess the range of potential mobility of the in situ LNAPL. Soil cores were collected at high LNAPL saturation locations selected by screening laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) results. A pilot test was successfully performed and a full-scale system subsequently followed. Groundwater and intact soil core sampling during full-scale AS operation has recently indicated that LNAPL has not been spread and, in fact, has been treated by the AS system. This presentation will present data illustrating the effectiveness of AS for treatment of the LNAPL at this site and its potential application for other sites.

Tom Palaia, CH2M HILL I am an Environmental Engineering Technologist in CH2M HILL’s Environmental Service business group. I specialize in planning, pre-design investigation, design, construction, and operation of hazardous and non-hazardous site remediation systems. I currently serve as the Lead Technology Contact for the non-aqueous phase liquid (NAPL) management practice area and Service Area Leader for the remedial process optimization (RPO), long-term monitoring (LTM), and remedial action operations (RAO) practice groups.


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Petroleum Hydrocarbons and Organic Chemicals in Ground Water: Prevention, Detection, and Remediation® Conference